SPRUCE - PINEAPPLE GALL ADELGES

Found on spruce (Picea), this species causes green pineapple shaped galls up to 20mm long, usually on young shoots.   The galling can cause distortion of shoots, affecting the appearance of trees.   Yellow, winged adults leave the galls in late summer and lay eggs on host plants.   The nymphs soon hatch and overwinter close to buds.   In spring these nymphs feed on plant sap but do not cause galls, maturing into light green wingless individuals.   These females lay eggs covered in white waxy threads.   The nymphs hatching from these eggs induce the galls when they feed at the base of needles.   The galls contain numerous chambers within which groups of pale orange nymphs develop.